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Economic history of Italy : ウィキペディア英語版
Economic history of Italy

A series of tables showing different Italian economic sectors, GDP (nominal and per capita) growth.
==19th and early 20th centuries==
The unification of Italy in 1861-70 broke down the feudal land system that had survived in the south since the Middle Ages, especially where land had been the inalienable property of aristocrats, religious bodies, or the king. The breakdown of feudalism, however, and redistribution of land did not necessarily lead to small farmers in the south winding up with land of their own or land they could work and profit from. Many remained landless, and plots grew smaller and smaller and thus more and more unproductive as land was subdivided among heirs.
The Italian diaspora did not affect all regions of the nation equally, principally low income agricultural areas with a high proportion of small peasant land holdings. In the second phase of emigration (1900 to World War I) most emigrants were from the south and most of them were from rural areas, driven off the land by inefficient land management policies. Robert Foerster, in ''Italian Emigration of our Times'' (1919) says, " (has been )…well nigh expulsion; it has been exodus, in the sense of depopulation; it has been characteristically permanent.〔Cited in 〕 ".
''Mezzadria'', a form of sharefarming where tenant families obtained a plot to work on from an owner and kept a reasonable share of the profits, was more prevalent in central Italy, which is one of the reasons why there was less emigration from that part of Italy. Although owning land was the basic yardstick of wealth, farming in the south was socially despised. People did not invest in agricultural equipment but in such things as low-risk state bonds.〔

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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